Bragança is a Portuguese city, capital of the District of Bragança, in the region of Trás-os-Montes, in the Northeast of Portugal, with 21 853 inhabitants in the urban perimeter. It is the eighth largest Portuguese municipality, with 1 173.57 km² of area, 35 341 inhabitants (2011) and 48 parishes.
The municipality is limited to the north and east by Spain, the southeast by the municipality of Vimioso, the southwest by Macedo de Cavaleiros and the west by Vinhais.
The Celts baptized the city, founded in the second century BC, with the name of Brigance, which became Latinized until it became "Bragança".
Short historical review
The archaeological findings made allow us to conclude that the human occupation in Bragança dates back to the final Paleolithic period. However, in the Neolithic period, with the emergence of food producing communities, the domestication of some animal species and the appearance of well-documented forms of worship, an increase of settlements and communities has been observed. From the human occupation in these periods there are several vestiges, some of which are part of the collection in the Abade de Baçal Museum, namely varied pottery, polished stone axes, loom weights, arrowheads and, afterwards, bead axes, halberds , bracelets, fibulas and, still, several artifacts in polished stone. Part of this estate was found in religious-funeral contexts, as is the case of Donai's mammoth, which has been destroyed. However, it is still possible to find several examples of megalithic monuments.
It is thought that the proto-historical communities will have arisen in greater numbers in the Cold Land Transmontana, probably of the end of the Bronze Age (1000-700 a.C.). These settlements-castros-were generally fortified urban structures, sometimes with several wall lines, and were situated in high places and with good reach of the surrounding landscape, which facilitated their defense. The communities practiced a subsistence economy.
The Roman colonization, which was imposed very slowly, was to act on existing civilizations, helping to alleviate the ethnic and cultural differences resulting from the primitive settlements and to homogenize indigenous cultures. The changes made were profound, including in the mountainous areas, which were therefore less accessible, affecting landscapes and ways of living. The Roman presence contributed, in part, to the shift from the regime of collective exploitation of soils to that of private property and, most likely, to a retreat from the forest. The Romans are also responsible for significant administrative, material and cultural changes. There are numerous archaeological remains. The vestiges of the Roman presence have appeared a little throughout the county (Alfaião, Aveleda, Carrazedo, Castro de Avelãs, Donai, France, Gostei, Meixedo, Pinela, Quintela Lampaças, etc.). Indeed, in the place where the city of Bragança stands today, there have been some Roman vestiges, such as tiles and some coins, one of which in bronze, found in several excavations, as in the works of the Church of S. Francisco.
The first references to a village (pagus), the toponymic ancestor of Bragança, appear in the minutes of the Council of Lugo (569 AD) under the name of Vergancia. Later, already in the administrative division of Wamba (666 AD) already a reference to Bregancia appears.
The origins of Bragança, as a region, may be attributed to the tenth or eleventh century. The origins of the settlement are more dubious - as indeed happens in the case of other cities. Everything seems to indicate that in the place where the city rises there would have been a castro, eventually Romanized, that could be the origin of the town. Only the realization of archaeological surveys may provide details that allow to date with greater certainty the origin of Bragança.
The strategic importance of Bragança, especially at the military level and the control of the traffic routes, resulting in a great part of its location, allows to contextualize and to perceive the administrative measures instituted by the monarchs, especially during the first two dynasties, and aimed at guaranteeing a minimum of operation of the square. D. Sancho granted a forum letter in June 1187, which would be successively renewed by D. Afonso III in May 1253 and later by D. Manuel on November 11, 1514.
In the middle of the thirteenth century Bragança already has four parishes: Santa Maria (in the "village"), São Tiago (also in the intramuros and today already disappeared, probably located in the current pelourinho), São João of the present Civil Government, in the place of implantation of the building today belongs of the Camera) and São Vicente.
In the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries the demographic growth is already more visible, especially in the extramuros. In the sixteenth, seventeenth and eighteenth centuries there is a greater dynamism and urban growth - obviously a result of the economic, political and military conjuncture - evident in the construction and / or remodeling of all churches, convents and houses emblazoned. The urban area of the city in the early twentieth century was almost coincident with that which existed in the late sixties, except for one peripheral artery or other, then at the beginning of urbanization. In the numbering of 1530, Bragança, counted on about 2000 inhabitants, being the greater agglomerate of Trás-os-Montes. At the end of the Philippine rule, because of the little strategic importance it was granted, it had 2,400 inhabitants and by the middle of the eighteenth century the population was around 3,500 people and was already assumed as the capital of the province.
Until the middle of the 20th century, the Transmontano Northeast will remain under a demographic regime with predominant characteristics of the Old Regime. The processes of stagnation or even of retrocession install themselves.
Way of St. James
Montesinho Natural Park
MTB route
In the Parish of Alfaião
Statue of Saint Martin
Font of Alfaião
Diving Fountain
Parish Church
Old Water Mill
Picnic area
Quinta de Santo António
Rio Penecal
Sanctuary of Our Lady of Veiga
Trail Alfaião
In the Parish of Aveleda
Fountain of Aveleda
Mother church
Tile Panel
Ponte de Aveleda
Rio Pepim
In the Parish of Babe
Chapel of St. Sebastian
St. Peter's Church
In the Parish of Baçal
Aerodrome of Bragança
Chapel of Our Lady of the Assumption
Baçal Fountain
Church of Sacóias
In the Parish of Calvelhe
Chapel
Source
Fountain and Bebedouro
Church
In the Parish of Carragosa
Chapel of St. Anthony
cruise
Church of Our Lady of the Assumption
In the Parish of Carrazedo
Chapel
Church of Santa Cecilia
Carrazedo Pedestrian Trail
In the parish of Castrelos
Cone's Little Things
Cruise of Conlelas and Chapel of Our Lady of the Rosary
Church of Conlelas
Castrelos Bridge
old Bridge
In the parish of Castro de Avelãs
Church of Castro de Avelãs
Parish Church of Fontes Barrosas
Ponte de Castro de Avelãs
Ruins of the Monastery of Castro de Avelãs
Archaeological Site of Torre Velha and Lands of São Sebastião
In the Parish of Coelhoso
Minas da Ribeira
Watchtower Viewpoint
Footpath of the Minas de Ribeira
In the Parish of Deilão
Alminhas of Vila Mea
Chapel of Santa Eulália
Chapel of St. Sebastian
Cruise from Santa Eulália
Church
Deilão Watchtower
Deilão Dam
In the Parish of Donai
cruise
In the Town of Espinhosela
Chapel of Our Lady of the Rosary
Chapel of Santo Amaro
cruise
Hermitage of Santo Amaro
Fontanário e Bebedouro
Source
Mother church
Monument of Homage to the Heroic Mothers of the 20th Century
Pool of the Browns' House
Rio Baceiro
Rio Trabasceiro
In the Parish of Failde
Pillory
In the parish of France
Albufeira de Serrada
Montesinho Village
Serra Serrada Dam
Chapel
Fonte and Bebedouro de Montesinho
Church of Montesinho
Church
Pillory of France
River Sabor Bridge
Rio Sabor
In the parish of Gimonde
Church
Bridge of Gimonde
Roman bridge
Vacation Specials
Rio Onor
In the parish of Gondesende
Village of Gondosende
Church
Campsite Cepo Verde
In the Parish of Gostei
Good dam
Mother Church
Good Lighthouse
In the Parish of Grijó da Parada
Chapel of Grijó de Parada
São Roque Chapel
Chapel of St. Sebastian
Freixedo Cruise
Fonte da Encalada
Freixedo Church
Church
Penigueto Mill
Penedo da Pena Maior
Bridge of Grijó da Parada
Rio Sabor
In the parish of Izeda
Alminhas of Our Lady of the Way
Chapel of Santo Apolinário
Waterfall of Izeda
Diving Fountain
Church of Our Lady of the Assumption
Monument of the Cow Mirandesa
Old Tractor Monument
Niche of Saint Martin
Bridge of Santulhão
Rio Sabor
3 Bottom Tank
Footpath of Ribeiras da Veiga and Vilalva
In the Parish of Macedo do Mato
Church
Niche of the Lady of the Paths
Pillory of Frieira
Bridge of Frieira
Pombais Trail
In the Parish of Meixedo
Sanctuary of Santa Ana
In the Parish of Million
Watershed Park Water
Adega do Martinho
Quintas de Vilar Chapel
Chapel of St. Sebastian
Vilar Chapel
Casa do Souto
Donkey Dive Source
Rock Prints by Sampaio
Church of St. Lawrence
Water Mill
Million Mills Park
Sporty
Porto Bridge
Romanesque bridge
Tank and Drinker
In the Parish of Mós
Diving Fountain
St. Peter's Church
In the Parish of Nogueira
Church
Serra da Nogueira Pedestrian Trail
Serra da Nogueira
In the Parish of Outeiro
Basilica of Santo Cristo
Cannon of Largo de Santo Cristo
Chapel
Fountain and Knoll Tank
Cruise of the Basilica of Santo Cristo
Elm Fountain
Church of Our Lady of Assumption
Pillory of Outeiro
Footpath of the Monumental Basilica of Santo Cristo
Sporty
River Beach of the Apples River
Ruins of the Old Fortress
Chestnut Trail in Bloom
In Parish of Parada
Adro's Berrão
Chapel of Santa Cruz
São Roque Chapel
Church
Multipurpose Pavilion
In the Parish of Paradinha Nova
Chapel
Manor House
cruise
Church
In the parish of Parâmio
Casa do Cruzeiro
Church
Bridge of Paramy
River Beach of the Baceiro River Bridge
Rio Baceiro
In the Parish of Pinela
Alfenim Castle
Fontanário do Largo de Santo Estevão
Community Oven
Church of St. Nicholas
Sporty
Vacation Specials
Tank
In the parish of Pombares
Church of Pombares
In the Parish of Quintanilha
Chapel of Our Lady of Ribeira
Diving Fountain of Our Lady of the Ribeira
Fluvial Beach of the Colado
Clock
In the Parish of Quintela de Lampaças
Couple of the Peoples
cruise
Source
Church
In the Parish of Rebordainhos
Statue of Our Lady Queen
Source of the Quinta Boa de adufe
Rebordainhos Font
Mother Church
Niche of Our Lady of the Paths
Pillory
Rebordainhos Sports Complex
In the Parish of Rebordãos
Tourão's Castle
Source
Church of Our Lady of the Assumption
Pillory
Sanctuary of Our Lady of the Sierra
In the Parish of Rio de Onor
Village of Guadramil
Village of Rio de Onor
Mother church
Rio de Onor Washbasin
Windmill of Onor
Campsite
bridge
Dam
Rio Onor
In the Parish of Rio Frio
Chapel of Our Lady of Sorrows
Chapel of Our Lady of the Necessities
Chapel of Paçó
Cruise of Our Lady of the Necessities
Cruise ship of the Paço
cruise
El Olmo Fountain
Source Fund
Fonte Nova de Paçó
Church
Viewpoint of São Roque
Niche of Our Lady of Needs
In the Parish of Salsas
Church
In the Parish of Samil
Church
In the Parish of Santa Comba das Rossas
Chapel of Our Lady of Pereiro
Source
Mother Church
In the Parish of Santa Maria
Castle Bragança
Domus Municipalis
Statue of Saint Benedict
Church of Santa Maria
Church of the Divine Lord
Church and Convent of São bento
Staircase Viewpoint
Monument and Fountain
Military Museum
Quinta da Boa Ventura
Sanctuary of St. Bartholomew
Solar of Santa Maria
In the Parish of São Julião de Palácios
St. Bartholomew's Church
In the parish of São Pedro de Sarracenos
Chapel
Waterfall Cascade
Fountain of Saint Peter of Saracens
St. Peter's Church
In the Parish of Sé
Municipal Library of Bragança
Casa do Arco
Chapel of St. Anthony
Living Science Center
Fountain of the Jardim José António Almeida
cruise
Gallery History and Art
Graffiti
Church of the Misericordia
Church of the Holy Constable
Gardens of the Town Square
Miniatures of João Santana
Monument to the 25th of April
St. Bartholomew's Inn
Quinta da Rica Fé
Rio Fervença
Cathedral
Tower of the Old Cathedral
In the Parish of Sendas
Old Railroad Station
Source
Tile Panel
Pillory of Vila Franca
Trail of the Quercus
In the Parish of Serapicos
Chapel of the Sacred Heart of Jesus
Church of Our Lady of the Assumption
Serapicos Picnic Park
River Beach of Serapicos
Ribeira de Serapicos
Sanctuary of Our Lady of the Annunciation
In the Parish of Sortes
Church
Vacation Specials
In the Parish of Zoio
Chapel
Forest Footpath and Biodiversity
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